Theories (Week 2 Definition)

Theories are not static; they continue to develop and transform with time. Chapter two defines theory as "A set of inter-related propositions that suggest why events occur in the manner that they do" ( Points 44). When theories are founded, empirical research takes place to test the theories. Empirical research studies are based on experiments or observations. The Manor College identifies four main objectives with empirical research: "capture contextual data and complexity; learn from the collective experience of the field; identify, explore, confirm, and advance theoretical concepts; and enhance educational design" ("What").  Empirical research methods are important to use for three reasons. One reason is that tradition and assumed knowledge have been relied up for too long. Also, it "integrates research and practice." ("What"). A final reason why it is essential to use empirical research is because science needs to continue to progress since our world is always evolving.  

Moreover, it is necessary to test theories for reliability and validity. Reliability or, repeatability, is an important factor when creating a theory because one must known how strong their evidence is. In order to have true evidence an experiment must be supported by more than one actual experiment, but with many trials of an experiment. Additionally, validity ("the ability to measure what the theory purports to measure") is an important factor for developing theories because theories need to "prove" what they are identifying. Theories are made up of many factors that help establish a strong point of view. 

Works Cited

"Points of View About Theory."  Ch. 2. 43-65. 

"What is Empirical Research?" Manor College. Sept. 2006. Basileiad Library. 1 Feb. 2009 .